Biological evaluation of normal and low cholesterol eggs in feeding rats

The present investigation was performed by using albino male rats to study the effect of daily ingestion of normal and low cholesterol eggs at two levels [2 and 5%] for 28 successive days on some biological parameters to shed a light on what may happen in human nutrition. The effects of the investigated eggs on the lipid profile parameters as indicated from blood analysis of treated rats were examined throughout the scope of the study. The adverse effects of the dietary eggs on the internal organs and body weight gain were also considered. Moreover, fatty acid composition and total cholesterol in the tested Eggs were determined. The results indicated that addition of normal eggs at the two levels under study [2 and 5%] caused significant increase in total lipid after 10 days while significant elevation was observed in triglycerides level after 30 days from feeding on normal eggs [2%], while significant decrease was occurred after 30 days from feeding on low cholesterol eggs [5%]. In addition, there was significant increase in total cholesterol after 10 days from feeding on normal eggs [5%] and the same trend in LDL-cholesterol was found throughout the experimental period. Meanwhile, there was significant increase in HDL-cholesterol at the end of the experiment at 2% of low cholesterol diet. No significant difference in the relative weight of the internal organs such as [lung, heart and testes]. On the other hand, a real increment was noticed in the body weight of the rats fed with the two types of egg at level 5% at the end of the experiment. Data also exhibited significant decrease in the activity of alanine aminotransferases [ALT] at the two levels [2 and 5%] of the normal and the low cholesterol [2%] eggs while, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase [AST] increased after 10, 20 days at 5% of normal eggs diet. In addition, after 10 days, the dietary eggs showed significant increase in liver and spleen weight in treatment 5% for the normal and the low cholesterol eggs as compared to the control group. Also, the chemical composition of the two types of egg showed significant decrease in fatty acid composition and total cholesterol in low cholesterol eggs as compared to normal egg

Velocity of specific selective enzymes in mango [Mangifera indica L.] treated with y- Rays

This study aimed to investigate to what extend the velocities of polyphenol oxidase [PPO], peroxidase [POD] and pectinmethylesterase [PME] are affected by irradiation. To reach such target, the investigated mango fruits were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays; namely, 500, 1000, 1500, 2500 and 5000 Gy produced from Co60. The velocity reaction of the aforementioned enzymes in relation to different substrate and enzyme concentrations were studied. The kinetic properties in terms of affinity, maximum velocity, activity coefficient and slope of reaction were calculated through a specific computer program [enzyme kinetics]. The changes in the velocity patterns of the investigated enzymes as affected by storage for three weeks at 20 +/- 2C were also studied. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that a dose of 2500 Gy could be recommended to reach a higher inhibition level of the three tested enzymes, a pattern which improves the quality and extends the shelf-life of mango fruit

Peroxidase, pectin methylesterase and some constituents of pistachio nuts [Pistachia vera L.] treated with and- Rays

Pistachio nuts [Pistachia vera L.] variety Halapy, family Anacardiaceae were obtained from Aleppo City, Arab Republic of Syria. The investigated pistachios were kept in perforated standard carton boxes of 45 x 30 x 12 cm dimensions under good ventilation conditions. Irradiation treatments were applied using cobalt-60 facilities "Egypt Mega Gamma 1" model AECL 6500 and the dose levels were 250, 500 and 2000 Gy. The irradiated samples were stored at 20C for six months, through which the activities of peroxidase [POD/EC 1.11.1.7] and pectin methylesterase [PME/EC 3.1.1.11] were followed. The kinetic parameters in terms of Km, Vmax, angle of activity, catalytic efficiency, slope of activity and inhibition levels were considered within a storage period of six months. Amino acids and fatty acids profiles of irradiated pistachio were also given. Experiments proved the preference of a dose of 500 Gy for inhibiting both of the two tested enzymes in the investigated pistachios during the whole period of storage

Contaminants in trems of pesticide residues in selected fish sources

This work aimed to assess the selected fish species with respect to their content of pesticide residues. The investigated fish included Caranx, Red mullet, crabs, clams, Sole of Qaroun Lake, Sole of Bardawil Lagoon and catfish. The results indicated the presence of 15 components of organochlorine pesticides; namely, alpha-benzene hexachloride [alpha-BHC], gamma-benzene hexachloride + beta-benzene hexachloride [gamma-BHC + beta-BHC], heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlorepoxide, gamma-chlordane, alpha-chlordane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis [P-chlorophenyl] ethylene [P, P-DDE], dieldrin, endrin, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis [P-chlorophenyl] ethane [P,P-DDD], 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis [P-chlorophenyl] ethane [P,P-DDT], endosulfan sulfate, methoxychlor and endrin ketone. The concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons in tissues serve as good indicators of environmental loads. The determination of organochlorine residues became necessary, since in high-polluted regions, the polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] are point of discussion. With respect to fish samples [Sole] collected from Bardawil Lagoon, the obtained results indicated that none of the identified pesticides were detected. Subsequently, it could be stated that Bardawil Lagoon is the best source of fish and is considered to be completely free from pollutants. On the contrary, Sole of Qaroun Lake contains six types of pesticides and the lowest frequently detected one was 8.49 mug/kg as heptachlor, while the highest concentration of methoxychlor was 1268.68 mug/kg in the same sample. The residual concentration of the aforementioned pesticides varied within the tested fish and Sole of Bardawil Lagoon proved to be completely free from any residual amounts of the investigated pesticides as indicated and proved by the statistical analysis through the principal component and factorial analysis

Kindler, Weary or Kindler-Weary syndrome? a study based on clinical and pedigree analysis of three Egyptian families and review of the literature

Kindler syndrome [KS] is a rare genodermatosis, which presents with blisters, poikiloderma and atrophy. The exact clinical features of KS and its mode of inheritance are not settled yet. It bears some resemblance to a closely related syndrome. Weary syndrome [WS]. Both have been frequently described as one entity. In an attempt to solve this dilemma, we described the clinical manifestations and family pedigree of 10 patients from three unrelated Egyptian families originating from different geographic localities, presenting with classic manifestations of KS. We, in addition, reviewed the literature to establish the order of frequency of occurrence of each morphological component to delineate the clinical features of KS, its mode of inheritance and the possible relation between KS and WS. From our cases and from the literature, the most constant features of KS that were present in all cases are congenital regressive mechanical acral blisters, progressive poikiloderma and cigarette-paper-like atrophy. Photosensitivity, palmo-planter keratoderma and ginigival involvement were present in two thirds of the patients. Webbing of fingers and toes, loss of fingerprinting and strictures were present in half of the cases. KS is differentiated from WS by absence of severe atrophy, photosensitivity, mucosal involvement and the presence of hyperkeratotic acral papules on the dorsa of hands and feet in WS. Absent dermatoglyphics is characteristic for KS. KS shows an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, while WS shows an autosomal dominant mode. Therefore, we consider KS a distinct entity from Weary syndrome until the molecular genetic basis of either syndrome is clarified

Selective cultivation of epidermal keratinocytes from newborn and adult skin in a serum-free medium and without the use of a feeder layer

Selective cultivation of epidermal human keratinocytes [HK] is important not only in investigating disorders that involve these cells, but also in therapy. In this work we report on a simple modified technique for cultivation of epidermal Hk from newborn and adult skin in which the need for conditioned medium, serum and specialized culture surfaces, e.g., 3T3 cells, has entirely been eliminated. The medium is a modified MCDB 153 to which crude bovine pituitary extract [BPE] 70 ug/ml, epidermal growth factor [EGF] 10 ng/ml, hydrocortisone 1.4 X 10-6 M, and insulin 10 ug/ml were added. The Ca++ level was 0.15 mM, however near confluence the primary culture was passaged and one secondary culture was maintained on this low Ca++ level, while the other was exposed near confluence to high Ca++ level [1.8 mM]. Proliferation rate was calculated in both cultures and each mitogen was omitted from the low Ca + + medium and proliferation rate was also determined at day 3, 6 and 9 of incubation. Cytospin preparation from low and high Ca ++ cultures were labelled with MoAb against cytokeratin 5,14,1 and 10 [APAAP technique]. Colonies were detected after 2 days of inoculation of the primary and secondary cultures and as the cells divided, they expanded and formed a continuous sheet. Cells left without passage underwent morphological changes characteristic of differentiation and were completely separated after 3-4 weeks as a continuous sheet. Cells of secondary cultures exposed to high Ca++ level underwent the same differentiation process and expressed cytokeratins of suprabasal keratinocytes, namely CK1 and 10. On the other hand, cells maintained on low Ca ++ grew as monolayer, were polygonal in shape and expressed cytokeratins similar to basal cells, namely CK 5 and 14

effects of OMO type of detergents on metabolic rate of tilapia zillii Gerv and determination of its anionic surfactant in some Egyptian water samples

Anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulphonate [LAS] was measured in water samples from three polluted areas. The highest concentrations of LAS were found in Lake Maryute, while Abu-Quir represented the intermediate area. Idku Lake proved to have the lowest concentration. It has been confirmed that the distribution of LAS in the water samples depended upon the studied areas, seasons and depths. The results of fish bio-toxicity showed that the LC[50]-96h.was 125 mg/l. The behavioural responses of the fish exposed to OMO was found to be identical to the effect of hypoxia, which points out to a similar mechanism of toxicity. On the other hand, fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of OMO exhibited a significant increase in the metabolic rate, which indicates a disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism